now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which

soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost

(school) athletic festival; sports day; field day

be; is

did; (have) done

please; do

don't

do

hey; listen; you

now, ...; well, ...; I tell you!; you know

wow; ooh

I; me

topic marker particle

indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)

adds emphasis

gym clothes; gym uniform; PE kit

topic marker particle

indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)

adds emphasis

bloomers

(girls') gym shorts

indicates possessive

nominalizes verbs and adjectives

substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases

(at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion

(at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis

(at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

relation; relationship

at (place, time); in; on; during

to (direction, state); toward; into

for (purpose)

because of (reason); for; with

by; from

as (i.e. in the role of)

per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")

and; in addition to

to put in; to let in; to take in; to bring in; to insert; to install (e.g. software); to set (a jewel, etc.); to ink in (e.g. tattoo)

to admit; to accept; to employ; to hire

to accept; to comply; to grant; to adopt (a policy, etc.); to take (advice, etc.); to listen to; to pay attention to

to include

to pay (one's rent, etc.)

to cast (a vote)

to make (tea, coffee, etc.)

to turn on (a switch, etc.)

to send (a fax); to call

direction; way; side; area (in a particular direction)

side (of an argument, etc.); one's part

type; category

field (of study, etc.)

indicates one side of a comparison

way; method; manner; means

length (of each side of a square)

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)

indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)

but; however; still; and

regardless of; whether (or not)

good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable

sufficient; enough; ready; prepared

profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial

OK; all right; fine; no problem

if; when

and

with

used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)

promoted pawn

indicates a question

to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon

to think (of doing); to plan (to do)

to judge; to assess; to regard

to imagine; to suppose; to dream

to expect; to look forward to

to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want

to recall; to remember

good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable

sufficient; enough; ready; prepared

profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial

OK; all right; fine; no problem

if; when

and

with

used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)

promoted pawn

indicates a question

to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon

to think (of doing); to plan (to do)

to judge; to assess; to regard

to imagine; to suppose; to dream

to expect; to look forward to

to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want

to recall; to remember

you said; he said; she said; they said

if ... then

do you seriously think that

I already told you; you should know by now that; of course

the said ...; said ...

says that ...

I hear that ...

as for the term ...

as for ...

to say; to utter; to declare

to name; to call

to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise

too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence)

both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence)

even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than

even if; even though; although; in spite of

further; more; again; another; the other

teacher; instructor; master

sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.

intimate or teasing form of address

then; well; so; well then

be; is

youth; young man

topic marker particle

indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)

adds emphasis

gym clothes; gym uniform; PE kit

to put in; to let in; to take in; to bring in; to insert; to install (e.g. software); to set (a jewel, etc.); to ink in (e.g. tattoo)

to admit; to accept; to employ; to hire

to accept; to comply; to grant; to adopt (a policy, etc.); to take (advice, etc.); to listen to; to pay attention to

to include

to pay (one's rent, etc.)

to cast (a vote)

to make (tea, coffee, etc.)

to turn on (a switch, etc.)

to send (a fax); to call

indicates a question

or; whether or not

some- (e.g. something, someone)

hmm; huh

very

-al; -ial; -ic; -ical; -ish; -y

to take out; to get out

to put out; to reveal; to show

to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in

to publish; to make public

to send (e.g. letter)

to produce (a sound); to start (fire)

to serve (food)

... out (e.g. to jump out, to carry out)

to begin ...; to start to ...; to burst into ...

indicates a question

or; whether or not

some- (e.g. something, someone)

hmm; huh

very

-al; -ial; -ic; -ical; -ish; -y

which way; which direction; where

which one (esp. of two alternatives)

who

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)

indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)

but; however; still; and

regardless of; whether (or not)

good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable

sufficient; enough; ready; prepared

profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial

OK; all right; fine; no problem

indicates question

what

you-know-what; that thing

whatsit; whachamacallit; what's-his-name; what's-her-name

(not) at all; (not) in the slightest

what?; huh?

hey!

oh, no (it's fine); why (it's nothing); oh (certainly not)

indicates direct object of action

indicates subject of causative expression

indicates an area traversed

indicates time (period) over which action takes place

indicates point of departure or separation of action

indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

to say; to utter; to declare

to name; to call

to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise

to be (of animate objects); to exist

to stay

to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing

be; is

did; (have) done

please; do

you; buddy; pal

monarch; ruler; sovereign; (one's) master

he; she

topic marker particle

indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)

adds emphasis

while in class

at (place, time); in; on; during

to (direction, state); toward; into

for (purpose)

because of (reason); for; with

by; from

as (i.e. in the role of)

per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")

and; in addition to

eh?; what?; oh?

yes; that's correct